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On Paper Tigers And Asian-Americans.

Posted in Recommended Reading

In the last few weeks, a slew of people have told me that I “have to read this article” in New York Magazine on how businesses treat Asian-Americans. The article is written by Wesley Yang and it is entitled, “Paper Tigers: What happens to all the Asian-American overachievers when the test-taking ends?” and now that i have read it, I think you should read it too. 

I do not think it is a great article (sorry to everyone who insisted to me that it breaks new ground) and in fact, I found it rather obnoxious in parts. For instance, I really am not impressed by someone who brags about how he goes his own way and flips everyone off while doing so. Guess what, I know plenty of people who do that without flipping everyone else off or writing an article bragging about it. In fact, does not writing an article bragging about how one has gone one’s own way indicate that the writer is actually seeking wider acceptance after all?

But having said that, this article (particularly the first two thirds of it) makes some excellent points and raises some important issues relating to how Asian-Americans tend to handle themselves in the workplace and on how others tend to view them. For these things alone, this article is an absolute must-read.

Many years ago, I was speaking at an Asian business event at Berkeley’s Haas School of Business and I ended up getting into a discussion with a Korean-American (or was he Chinese-American, I cannot even remember) there from Los Angeles about the differences between the Korean communities of Los Angeles and Seattle. I relayed to him what all of my Korean friends had told me about how their community in Seattle was “much more vibrant” than that in either Los Angeles or in San Fransisco, in large part because the Seattle Koreans are much more integrated into the community at large.

This person agreed with that and then proceeded to tell me how he is a business/executive coach to Asian-Americans in mostly Los Angeles and in Silicon Valley and that they are always complaining to him about being passed over for promotions they feel they deserve. This guy told me that his initial response to their complaint is to ask the complainer to look at who sits with whom in the company lunchroom and think about whether that might have made an impact on their having been passed over for promotion. He said that at least half the time, the response is that it might but it should not have and then his response is to tell them that “should” is not what they are talking about and that if they want to deal in reality, he will try to help them.

This New York Magazine article very much reminded me of that conversation. 

Anyway, if you are interested in what it is like to be an Asian-American in a business today, then I urge you to read this article.  I, of course, do not know what it is like so it is quite possible I am wrong to view this article as being accurate, but it certainly seems to me to have nailed it.

What do you think? Do you agree with the article? Would you at least agree that it reaises important issues?

  • Calvin Lee

    As a Chinese American, I read that article when it first came out and found many flaws in the arguments he was trying to make. I don’t remember the details and certainly won’t be giving the article another web-hit but what I do know is that I felt he wrote that article out of insecurity, how he isn’t by any means successful and perhaps wasn’t accepted by his parents for doing questionable things as a youth.

  • http://www.joyceyland.com Joyce Lau

    This article starts with a young Chinese immigrant and recent university grad who wonders what his future is as an “Asian writer.”
    I’ve never identified or pitched myself as an “Asian writer,” in the same way that I don’t go around calling myself a “woman writer,” “feminist writer” or whatever. Clearly, I am both Asian and a woman, though I don’t see the need to define myself that way professionally. I wonder if it’s a mistake for any young professional to pigeon-hole himself from the get-go.
    Some of the best Asian creators succeeded because they reach beyond their Asian identity. Ang Lee won the best director Oscar for “Brokeback Mountain,” a movie about gay cowboys. My favorite Kazuo Ishiguro book — and his Booker Prize winner — was “Remains of the Day”, which is about as uptight, white and British as you can get in a novel.
    Of course, my background affects my writing. Mostly, I write about HK now, since that’s where I live. I remember my early days in Canada, when I’d be asked to write columns about the Chinese immigrant experience — or the time I got assigned a story about a fortune cookie factory (which was really fun). But I don’t think my race has either given me some sort of P.C. advantage, or held me back in some way.
    The kid worries about whether he’d be letting his parents down, since they are relatively poor and uneducated. That’s a very Chinese way of thinking, though I don’t think it’s a good way of thinking. If he really is a writer at heart, he’ll end up writing. No point forcing yourself through a lifetime of, say, accountancy just because you’re the kid of immigrants.
    He also laments a sort of social awkwardness he associates with being Asian. Maybe it’s bc he grew up in NY, a city with a large Asian population.
    I grew up in small-town Connecticut, in a high-school that was probably 95% white. There were a few Asian kids (all clustered into the top percentile academically — no surprise). But since we were such a small minority, I think all of us integrated well into American society.

  • Mick

    I thought the article raised some interesting points, but his solutions were bizarre. Boot camps to nurture the inner alpha male? Expression training get rid of the Asian poker face? Just weird.
    I’m nor aware of any bamboo ceiling for Asian Australians, but then I’m not of Asian background. I have worked with some very talented Asian Australians who have achieved as much or more than anyone else in their field. But I never really thought of them as Asian- or Chinese-Australian, they were just smart and capable people who did what they did.
    I wonder if the bamboo ceiling is sometimes down to self selection. In my line of work (healthcare) you have to spend a lot of time doing non-remunerative work to progress along the career ladder – writing research papers, sitting on committees, setting up and running care schemes. This does not appeal to the straight A students (and I’m not just talking about Chinese ones here). They seem to gravitate to the more lucrative or safe [guaranteed income] areas of practice.

  • Some Asian American

    The article resonated withe me in many parts, yet fell completely flat in others. I think in general Asian parents do have a tendency to tell their kids to keep “out of trouble” but that doesn’t mean don’t excel in sports, student government, extra-curricular activities, and work aside from “do well in school.” If we can keep in mind that Amy Chua’s book had everything to do with her own upbringing and is as unique an experience as Obama’s own books that talks about his own upbringing (nobody characterized THAT as a representation of African-Americans’ experience), then we can agree this is but another take on Asian-Americans…by some Asian-American.
    I do like to point out that we as a nation of diverse ethnicity has one unique aspect that almost no other nation on earth has: almost an obsessive desire (made more so by modern media) to categorize and generalize various groups of our country’s residents by their ethnicity: People from south of the border tend to be grouped into “Latinos” and stereotyped as a single unified group, yet if you take some time to get to know a few you’ll find out Mexicans are as different from Peruvians or Brazilians as the French are to Germans and Spaniards (oh and we do like to stereotype people from Europe too, just that we seem to be a little more educated about their cultural nuances, ever wonder why?)

  • James G

    I’m not Asian-American but I don’t think that is the reason the article didn’t really “grab me”. Mainly, I am not really sure about two things:
    one, that I “got” the thrust of the article. Is the main tenet that Asian-Americans (the much less assimilated at least) early success (being very Chinese/Korean in their study and lifestyle habits) is what hamstrings them after school?
    two, that Asians lack charisma and social skills and are thus not getting the gravy after they’ve finished their studies.
    If #2 was what many AA’s who read this article got from it, I am curious what sort of charisma they see themselves as lacking. I have been in one industry for most of my professional life and there isn’t really any room for advancement, just pay increases and steps toward a sort of “tenure” I guess. So the dynamics of big, fairly multi-cultural workplaces are not that clear to me. Who sits with whom at the company lunch table sounds far-fetched (do that many companies still have employee cafeterias???) but then again, who knows?
    On another note:
    I think the author is full of… beans if he really believes that there is really any “meritocracy” involved in being coached into aceing a standarized exam, and that this meritocracy ends after graduation. Generally (and cynically) it’s accepted wisdom that there is very little real meritocracy before or after graduation.Nationally, It is one of our most endearing and sacred myths. Every country has those, and they hold them dearly, but I wonder why more people don’t question it.
    Last thing: academic prowess as an indication of later success is way, way overrated, is he just now realizing this? A3 of the last half dozen serious candidates for President (Bush, McCain, Kerry) had college GPA’s of barely above 2.0. I mean, come on.

  • Harland

    Asians can never “integrate” into mainstream American society due to white racism. It’s a fact and it’s not going away. It’s not that Asians choose to sit with their own people at lunch, it’s that they are made to feel unwelcome sitting at the white tables.

  • James G

    Harland,
    I have to take issue with your post. For several months I worked at the Shanghai branch of a multinational company, where I was the only non-Asian (and one of the few non-Chinese) in a pretty large office – 50+ employees. Despite being on friendly terms with several coworkers, and working with several others on different things, they routinely ignored me when it came time to eat lunch. If we all happened to be out (me by myself) at lunch, I not only never got invited to their table, they wouldn’t acknowledge I was there. And language was not a barrier.
    These same people would then see my at work and carry on as if they hadn’t just sat at a large table feet from mine in a restaurant and basically ignored me. Whatever else the politics of who eats at what table speak to, I am not so sure it can always be laid 100% at the feet of racism. But like I posted above, I am curious about a more thoughtful insight into this sort of thing.

  • Minh

    I enjoyed reading this article. As an Asian (not an Asian American) I think many of the issues highlighted in the article were interesting insights into the American workplace and society. There is definitely some truth in much of what was written.
    It is my personal opinion that high school defines much about you and much about your life. Joyce Lau’s Connecticut high school upbringing definitely played some part in her ability to assimilate well into American culture. I see the same in a couple of my cousins who are growing up in a rich Massachusetts suburb.
    In reply to commenter Mick – I think the solutions that were proposed may seem ‘bizarre’ to some. However I would opine that the ones proposed are indeed effective solutions to certain problems. If you have ever seen the improvement of ‘pick-up artists’ (not necessarily Asian) in their prowess with woman you may agree.
    Overall an interesting and truthful article. There is definitely a bamboo ceiling in many corporate institutions. Just as their are many other ‘ceilings’ that apply to females, blacks and the many other ‘minorities’.

  • pug_ster

    James G,
    So because they don’t want to eat lunch or hang out with you, they are racists? Give me a break. Maybe because you don’t take the initiative to want to hang out with them is the problem.

  • Vincent S.

    I agree with your assessment of the article. It starts out well and then peters out. But it does raise some important issues, as do the comments left by various readers. It seems to me the big question is whether the isolation of Asian-Americans is the fault of the Asian-Americans themselves or of the rest of society. Let me say that I am Asian-American. The writer and some of the commenters blame Asian-Americans exclusively. Some of the commenters blame the majority exclusively. Doesn’t it have to be both, at least to some extent, and isn’t it a vicious circle? If it is both, it is still up to us as Asian-Americans to try to change things because the majority have no real incentive to do so but we do.

  • http://www.joyceyland.com Joyce Lau

    Harland — I disagree with your comment about white racism against Asians.
    I spent my first 25 years in Canada and the U.S., before moving back to HK in the late 90s. I can count on one hand the number of times I’ve heard a disparaging remark about my race — once on a schoolyard, another was from a drunken homeless man. I chalk that up to life. If you live anywhere for 25 years, you’re going to come across some jerks.
    We spoke Chinese at home, ate Chinese food, kept Chinese traditions — and our American neighbors were lovely to us. My dad fit in at his 99% white workplace, and my brother and I fit into our 99% non-Chinese schools.
    If you already have in your brain that all Westerners are out to get you — and you’re sensitive to every little remark or slight — maybe you’d come to that conclusion.
    You write: “Asians can never “integrate” into mainstream American society.”
    Never? Speak for yourself. For generations, Chinese have succeeded and lived happily all over the world. Your comment sounds like sour grapes to me.
    “Racism” is a handy excuse when people don’t get what they want: a job, a top school mark, friends, etc. But who in life hasn’t been disappointed?
    Racism implies wide, systemic bias based on skin color. Several generations ago, there was clear racism against blacks — certain US states restricted what schools they went to, what public services they could use, and even who they married. Today you can still see gaps in education, salary and health.
    But if you look at overseas Asians, they often fare better than the white majority. Chinese-Canadians, on average, have higher education levels, higher salaries, live in better safer neighorhoods, and are healthier and live longer. Nobody is oppressing them.
    On the other hand, I think some Chinese are race-obsessed. They divide the world into Chinese / non-Chinese, or Chinese / Western. Many Chinese are not used to living in a multicultural environment.
    I remember meeting with the Chinese society at university, back in the 90s. I brought along a blonde, Canadian girl, and the HK students immediately said in Cantonese “you can’t bring her here. This is the Chinese part of the cafeteria”. They were incredibly rude. Just to piss them off, I pretended I didn’t understand and sat down with my blonde friend. And I never went back to their club.
    I can’t imagine a caucasian American or Canadian saying to a black kid, “Hey, you can’t sit here. This is the white supremacist part of the school cafeteria.” It’s a double standard. Some Chinese complain of racism, but they don’t look at their own behavior.

  • Twofish

    I’m not sure I’m an Asian-American.
    I grew up in the southern United States. First Chinese family there. The funny thing was that the racial categories were “black” and “white” and since we were obviously not “black” that meant we were considered “white”. Curiously, there is a case in East Texas in the 19th century where the opposite happened (i.e. Chinese were obviously not “white” therefore they were considered “black”).
    The other thing that’s funny is the stereotypes that Chinese in China have about American-born Chinese. Loud, obnoxious, stylish, unable to speak decent Chinese.

  • James G

    pug_ster
    Did you read my comment beyond seeing the word “racist” in it? I accused no one of racism and implied that who eats with whom could point to many things. As far as what “initiatives” I took to hang out with them, I am not sure how you could have an opinion on that, nowhere did I mention my attempts at social interaction.
    Geez Louise!

  • Jeremy S.

    Hi Dan,
    Thanks for the post. Another author, Jane Hyun, previously dealt with many of these issues in her book, Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling. Also an interesting read.
    Best regards,
    Jeremy S.

  • Pat C

    James G,
    I don’t think the lunch scenario you experienced was racism, but I have noticed it in other countries (e.g. Singapore/Japan). I think maybe (pure speculation :o)) in some cultures there is this idea that “Hey, let’s be friendly to the outsider/new guy and invite him to join us for lunch” whereas in other cultures there’s a clearer “We haven’t had lunch with this guy before, why should we start now?” default idea.
    Another thing (which is race-related but not racist imo) is that they might think “He’s senior/foreign so he probably has his own lunch plans.” Like you said, there’s a lot of possible issues. In some countries the senior/junior divide is larger and they might be shy of having lunch with a senior person, or might assume that the senior person doesn’t want to have lunch with them.
    One suggestion might be if you ask _them_ if they want to join _you_ for lunch, rather than waiting for the other way around?
    I have been struck on one occasion by self-defeatist ideas of racism.. I was chatting with a Chinese Singaporean colleague about an international contest (not of the athletic type) and they commented that an Asian will never win it (it involved judges voting for the best person and the final was hosted in the US) because (paraphrasing) “why would white people not let one of their own win over an Asian?” I was amazed at this way of thinking as I’d never encountered it before.

  • Twofish

    Something that I find weird is the notion that being bi-cultural is somehow a business handicap, when I’ve found that having a “global” view helps a lot in international business.

  • TLC

    To James G:
    James, obviously Pug_ster did not take the time to read your post. Your comments only thoughtfully reminds us that just because people don’t sit with you at lunch does not mean that they are racist (if they happen to be of a different race from you). He did not catch your drift.
    I grew up in a Montreal suburb in the late 1980′s when we were the first wave of Asian immigrants to hit Quebec and my younger sister would come home frequently telling me how she experienced racism at our local high school. Knowing how peope handle confilcts differently and not wanting to exacerbate her thoughts about racism, I would often remind her that possibly some of her “racism” encounters could be explained away by people who are just ignorant or rude by nature and those “racist acts” are not necessarily the manifestation of prejudiced minds.
    James, I think you were just trying to remind people (like I did to my sister) that people act for various reasons and racism is just possibly one of few possible motives.

  • MWO

    To James G:
    Don’t worry about Pug_ster. Your point was clearly made. He routinely trolls China-focused blogs by deliberately mis-representing other people’s comments rather than actually adding to the discussion.